Antihalation layer and halationproof photographic material



Aug. 22, 1933. K. HEBBEL 1,923,485

ANTIHALATION LAYER AND HALATIONPROOF PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIAL Filed July 5, 1928 Jwuaulfot g fam( HM Patented Aug. 22, 1933 PATENT oFFlcs ANTIHALATION LAYER AND HALATION PROOF PHOTOGRAPH() MATERIAL Konrad Hebbel, Dessau-ln-Anhalt, Germany. as-

toAgfaAnsoo Corporation, Binghamsignor ton, N. Y., a Corporation of New York Application July 5, 1928 in Germany Serial No. 290,688, and July 16, 1927 6 Claims. (CL 95-8) 'I'he present invention relates to antihalation layers for photographic sensitive materials and to photographic materials containing these antihalation layers. More particularly it relates to anti-halation layers colored by organic or inorganic dyestufls.

I have found that anti-halation coatings, especially those for panchromatically sensitized materials, advantageously contain several dyestuffs which have certain spectral qualities with relation to each other. The photographic antihalation materials should have a laminated support composed of several individual layers. .The halation-preventing dyes are distributed in one l5 or several of mese individual layers. 'rne term individual layers is intended to include layers consisting of several diil'erent cellulose-derivatives, as well as intermediate layers or backing layers consisting of other colloids, as also an intermediate preparation-layer effecting the close assemblage of the sensitive layer and the support. In a laminated support which comprises e. g. a cellulose derivative layer, a substratum layer on one side and an antistatic layer on the other side thereof, the dyestuifs may be incorporated in any of the said layers. Dyestuis which are to be incorporated in these colloid layers must be so selected that they are removed at least partly in the baths for normal treatment of the plate or film.

Since black dyestuifs in general can be separated from a colloid layer only with dilculty and incompletely, such dyestuffs are not suitable for the purpose. On the other hand, only black dyestuifs have the necessary property of cutting of! the total radiation of the spectrum which is n for highly sensitive layers, particularly panchromatic layers. All other colored dyestuils show one or two absorption gaps in the spectrum and are therefore not suitable for preventing halation in layers which are sensitized for all or most of the rays of the spectrum.

According to this invention excellent antihalation coatings, particularly for panchromatic and reversal emulsions, are made by using simultaneously two or more dyestuiis for dyeing the anti-halation coating, the dyestuffs being selected in such a manner that a spectro-absorption gap of one corresponds with a maximum spectroabsorption of one or more other dyestuifs. A mixture of dyestuifs thus selected replaces completely the black anti-halation layers hitherto regarded as necessaryl for highly sensitive panchromatic emulsions and aifords considerable advantage over the said black layers in that dyestuifs may be used which are easily decolorized when the plates or lms are developed.

The anti-halation layers according to the present invention are colored and have for certain parts of the spectrum an absorption somewhat less than for the others. Nevertheless, they prevent when suitably selecting the dyes also in panchromatically sensitized emulsions any halation. This is due to the fact that the light rays, after having traversed the emulsion layer, enter the anti-halation layer, reach the rear side of the latter, and after reflection by the rear side repass the anti-halation layer. This double passage of the light rays through the anti-halation layer adds to the anti-halation eiect. For this reason an anti-halation layer according to the present invention is suillciently emcacious also for panchromatic emulsions though it does not quantitatively absorb the rays of the visible spectrum and is not sumciently effective to protect the light sensitive layer against exposures from the rear side.

Within the scope of the invention are all organic and inorganic dyestuffs which fulfill the aforesaid conditions. They may be distributed either in one colloid layer or in several, and mixed or individually.

It is not necessary that each absorption gap of one dyestu correspond with a maximum absorption of another. If, for example, one component is a redfdyestui, it may have without disadvantage a low absorption in the blue in addition to the absorption gap in the red, since the intensity of the blue radiation which passes through the layer is so strongly diminished that 9 by exposure to light sources of practical consideration halation cannot occur. 1f the gaps are too pronounced, they can be covered by one or more further suitable dyestuils.

For the panchromatic layers used in the art of reproduction in colors in combination with color lters it sufllces if there are used for the antihalation layer dyestuffs which have no absorption gaps corresponding with the absorption gaps of the several filters.

In the case that color is desired in the iinished developed and i'lxed plate or film, dyestuif combinations may be used which in part are not bleached in the developer and in the other liquids used in the treatment of the plate. This would particularly occur in the case of lms carrying reversion emulsions in which, as for example in photogravure, a yellow dyeing' of the photographic support is advantageously used.

As examples of suitable dyestuif combinations may be mentioned methyl blue (ci. Farbstofftabellen by Dr. Gustav Schultz, Berlin 1923, Nr. 538)-acid magenta (Farbstofltabellen Nr. 524) or manganese dioxide-washing blue (Farbstofftabellen No. 968). Dyestuff combinations which in part are not bleached are, e. g., bismarck brown (Farbstotabellen No. 283)-methyl blue or aniline blue (Farbstoitabellen Nr. 521)-acid magenta.

As a colloid serving as carrier of the dyestuffs I may use any that is suitable, for example gelatine, cellulose derivatives or resins.

In the accompanying drawing cross sections of photographic materials prepared according to my invention are shown in an enlarged scale.

Fig. 1 shows a 111m comprising a support formed of two colloid layers and a light-sensitive emulsion layer. In the colloid layer next to the emulsion layer there are incorporated two antihalation dyestufl's decolorized in the developing bath, the absorption maximum of one of the dyestuil's covering the absorption gap of the other. Fig. 2 shows the same arrangement of support and light-sensitive emulsion layer, but each of the dyestuffs is distributed in a different colloid layer. Fig. 3 shows an arrangement where the laminated support carrying the emulsion layer consists of three colloid layers. The two colloid layers remote from the light-sensitive emulsion layer contain each a dyestui of which the dyestuil' distributed in the middle colloid layer is not soluble in the developing and fixing bath and the dyestufl! in the outer colloid layer is removable in the developing bath.

I claim:

1. Halation proof photographic materials comprising a layer of light sensitive silver halid emulsion and a laminated support containing distributed in at least one of its layers a plurality of dyes, at least one of the absorption maxima of at least one ot said dyes corresponding to at least one of the absorption minima of at least one of the other dyes, and at least one of the said dyes being removable in the developing baths.

2. Halation proof photographic materials comprising a layer of light sensitive silver halid emulsion and a laminated support therefor, said support containing distributed in at least one of its layers a plurality of dyes in which at least the largest light absorption minimum of one corresponds to an absorption maximum of another, at least one of said dyes 'being removable in the usual developing baths.

3. Halation proof photographic materials comprising a layer of panchromatically sensitized silver halid emulsion and a laminated support therefor said support containing distributed in at least one of its layers a plurality of dyes in which at least the largest light absorption minimum of one corresponds to an absorption maximum of another, at least one of the said dyes being removable in the usual developing baths.

4. Halation proof photographic materials comprising a layer of light sensitive silver halid emulsion and a laminated support therefor, said support containing, distributed in at least one of its 'layers two dyes the lightl absorption maxima of one of which correspond to light absorption mlnima of the other, at least one of the said dyes being removable in the usual developing baths.

5. Halation proof photographic materials comprising a layer of light sensitive silver halid emulsion and a laminated support therefor, said support containing distributed in at least one of its layers two dyes, the light absorption maxima of one of which corresponds to the light absorption minima of the other, both dyes being removable in the usual developing baths.

6. Halation proof photographic film comprising a layer of panchromatically sensitized silver halid emulsion and in a laminated support a layer of gelatine containing methyl blue and acid magenta which are removable in the usual developing baths.

KONRAD HEBBEL. 

